Apr 24, 2024  
2016-2017 Undergraduate and Graduate Catalog 
    
2016-2017 Undergraduate and Graduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


How to Read Catalog Course Descriptions

Texas Tech offers nearly 5,000 courses as part of its curriculum. These courses are listed alphabetically by subject prefix within each college and departmental section of this catalog. The courses appear in numerical order, moving from beginning freshman or developmental level courses to graduate, research, and professional courses.

Not all courses listed in this catalog are offered every year. An online class schedule published before each registration period indicates courses that will be available during the upcoming term or semester and when each class will meet. The class schedule can be found at (www.depts.ttu.edu/officialpublications/class_schedule/index.php). The university reserves the right to cancel any scheduled course or withdraw any program from the list of offerings when the best interests of the institution require such action.

Courses are designated by a subject prefix and number along with a descriptive title. Learn more  about interpreting the course descriptions found throughout the catalog.

 

Biology (Graduate Courses)

  
  • BIOL 6100 - Advanced Topics in Biology

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Special areas of current interest not commonly included in other courses. Content normally different each time offered. May be repeated for additional credit.
  
  • BIOL 6101 - Seminar

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Various topics in modern biology. May be repeated for credit.
  
  • BIOL 6202 - Preparation for Graduate Learning and Teaching in Biology

    2 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Acceptance in a graduate degree program in the Department of Biological Sciences or consent of instructor. Preparation of graduate students for the roles of scholar, researcher, and teaching assistant. Emphasizes literature research, preparation of visual aids, innovative teaching strategies, and problem-solving methods. F.
  
  • BIOL 6301 - Advanced Topics in Biology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: MBIO 4402  with minimum grade of B and consent of instructor. Special areas of current interest not commonly included in other courses. Content normally different each time offered. May be repeated for additional credit.
  
  • BIOL 6304 - Principles and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: BIOL 4305  or BIOL 5305 ; ZOOL 6302  recommended. Character, analysis, phylogeny reconstruction, consensus procedures, and phylogenetic classification, using morphologic and molecular data.
  
  • BIOL 6305 - RNA Silencing and Regulatory Small RNAs

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: BIOL 3320  and BIOL 3416 . Covers the most recent developments in small RNA biology, an emerging field in molecular and cell biology.
  
  • BIOL 6309 - Advanced Topics in Quantitative Biology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Studies of current applications of mathematics, statistics, and computing to the biological sciences. Content normally different each time offered. May be repeated for additional credit.
  
  • BIOL 6325 - R as a Research Tool: Introduction to Programming

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    A workshop course that teaches the basics of the computer language “R,” an open-source, interactive programming language designed for scientific numerical computation.
  
  • BIOL 6350 - Advanced Physiological Plant Ecology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Investigation of the physiological processes of plants that contribute to understanding the ecological distribution and evolutionary success of plants in their physical environment.
  
  • BIOL 6392 - Marine Biology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    The study of marine organisms and their environments.
  
  • BIOL 6520 - Advanced Experimental Cell Biology

    5 Semester Credit Hours
    Modern cell biology research techniques used in biomedical research. Offered odd years only.
  
  • BIOL 7000 - Research

    V1-12 Semester Credit Hours
  
  • BIOL 8000 - Doctor’s Dissertation

    V1-12 Semester Credit Hours

Business Law (Undergraduate Courses)

  
  • BLAW 3391 - Business Law I

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: C or higher in ENGL 1301  and ENGL 1302  and a minimum cumulative 2.75 Texas Tech GPA. Nature and source of law, courts and procedure, contracts, Texas law of separate and community property.
  
  • BLAW 3393 - Real Estate Law

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing. Rights in land, classification of estates, acquisition and creation of property rights, titles, and common conveyances.

Business Law (Graduate Courses)

  
  • ACCT 5392 - Advanced Business Law

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: C or better in BLAW 3391 . Second course in business law.
  
  • BLAW 5390 - Legal, Regulatory, and Ethical Environment of Business

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Examines legal, regulatory, and ethical issues related to business activities with emphasis on changing landscape based on ever-changing technology.

Botany (Undergraduate Courses)

  
  • BOT 3401 - Plant Physiology

    4 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: CHEM 3305  and BIOL 1401  or BIOL 1403 , BIOL 1404 . The physiology of plants with an emphasis on relationships of structure to function in vascular plants. Includes a lab. (NRM 3401 )
  
  • BOT 3404 - Evolution and Classification of Plants

    4 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: BIOL 1401  or BIOL 1404 . A survey of plant diversity from an evolutionary perspective, including genetic analysis, classification schemes, identification / documentation techniques, and field trips to study local flora. Includes a lab. (Writing Intensive)
  
  • BOT 4302 - Field Botany

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: BOT 3404  or consent of instructor. Focuses on a thorough knowledge of and familiarity with the flora of West Texas and adjacent areas through field trips, collection, and herbarium work.
  
  • BOT 4304 - Plant Molecular Biology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: BIOL 1403 , BIOL 1404 , BIOL 3416 , and BIOL 3320 . Molecular analysis of plant metabolism and signaling. S, alternate years.
  
  • BOT 4409 - Plant Development

    4 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: BIOL 1403  and BIOL 1404 . Integration of positional, environmental, hormonal, and genetic regulation of plant development; emphasis on model species and comparisons to animals. Alternate years. Includes a lab.

Botany (Graduate Courses)

  
  • BOT 5401 - Advanced Plant Physiology

    4 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: Organic chemistry or biochemistry and BIOL 1403  and BIOL 1404  or equivalent. A general plant physiology course for graduate students with no previous training in plant physiology. Emphasis is placed on recent experimental advances in the field.
  
  • BOT 5404 - Advanced Taxonomy of the Vascular Plants

    4 Semester Credit Hours
    A survey of the diversity of vascular plants (emphasis on angiosperms) and the methodology of their classification. Lecture emphasizes modern approaches to systematics; lab emphasizes identification and collection techniques.
  
  • BOT 6302 - Advanced Field Botany

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    A field-trip and herbarium-based course that will provide students with sophistication in the identification and classification of plants in natural areas of West Texas and adjacent regions.
  
  • BOT 6304 - Advanced Plant Molecular Biology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: BIOL 1403  and BIOL 1404 , BIOL 3304 , and BIOL 3320  or equivalent. Molecular mechanisms regulating plant metabolism. Intensive reading of current literature is required. Alternate years.
  
  • BOT 6409 - Advanced Plant Development

    4 Semester Credit Hours
    Molecular and cellular analysis of plant development with emphasis on experimental approaches. Alternate years.

Biotechnology (Graduate Courses)

  
  • BTEC 5001 - Topics in Biotechnology

    V1-6 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Special areas of current interest in biotechnology. Content and credit vary by section number. May be repeated for credit.
  
  • BTEC 5100 - Scientific Communication

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Different aspects of scientific communication, including presentation of scientific material, written communication skills targeted toward information organization and summary, and reading and thoughtful analysis of primary scientific literature.
  
  • BTEC 5222 - Bioinformatics: Methods and Applications

    2 Semester Credit Hours
    Introduces students to bioinformatics applications and methodologies, especially related to genomics and proteomics.
  
  • BTEC 5311 - Protein Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: BTEC 5338  or instructor consent. A protein-based course to determine the structure-function relationship of protein through protein engineering and x-ray crystallography.
  
  • BTEC 5312 - Gene Expression Analysis

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Introduction to nucleic acids, gene structure and function; techniques of RNA extraction, quantification and quality determination; applications of next generation sequencing for gene expression analysis.
  
  • BTEC 5313 - Experimental Mass Spectrometry in Biotechnology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Mass spectrometry instrumentation and generation and interpretation of mass spectra in analysis of biomolecules. Other preparative analytical techniques, including 2D-gel and chromatographic techniques.
  
  • BTEC 5333 - Advanced Bioinformatics

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Trains students in the developmental aspects of bioinformatics. Topics requiring advanced bioinformatics knowledge will be covered. Computer programming, database and web development will be integral to the completion of this course.
  
  • BTEC 5338 - Methods in Biotechnology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: CHEM 3310  or CHEM 3311  and CHEM 3314 . Methodology for identification and manipulation of genes, for protein expression and purification, and for enzyme assays.
  
  • BTEC 5340 - Advanced Instrumentation Techniques in Biotechnology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: BTEC 5338  /GBTC 5338 (Texas Tech Health Sciences Center course). Topics include DNA sequencing and amplification, mass spectrometry, liquid-handling robotics, automated chromatography, and protein-ligand interactions and kinetics.
  
  • BTEC 5414 - Advanced Plant Biotechnology

    4 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Any genetics course. Principles of biotechnology and genetic engineering. Genetic manipulations applied to problems in plant research and agriculture. F, odd years.
  
  • BTEC 6000 - Master’s Thesis

    V1-6 Semester Credit Hours
    (GBTC 6000)
  
  • BTEC 6001 - Biotechnology Internship

    V1-9 Semester Credit Hours
    Research and training in a university, private-sector, or government laboratory. Consent of program director required. For nonthesis students.
  
  • BTEC 6101 - Biotechnology Seminar

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Presentation of current research topics in areas directly relevant to biotechnology. (GBTC 6101)
  
  • BTEC 6301 - Introduction to Biotechnology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites: CHEM 3311 , CHEM 3312 , CHEM 3313 . Scientific bases of biotechnology techniques. Applications of biotechnology and ethical and social impact. (GBTC 6301)
  
  • BTEC 7000 - Research in Biotechnology

    V1-9 Semester Credit Hours
    Full-time laboratory research under the direct supervision of a TTU or TTUHSC graduate faculty member. For thesis-option students. (GBTC 7000)

Civil Engineering (Undergraduate Courses)

  
  • CE 1130 - Civil Engineering Seminar I

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Introduction to the practice of civil engineering.
  
  • CE 2101 - Construction Materials Laboratory

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Laboratory determination and interpretation of engineering properties of construction materials including steel, concrete, aluminum, wood, and masonry.
  
  • CE 2301 - Statics

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    TCCNS: [ENGR 2301, ENGR 2401] Prerequisites: MATH 1452 PHYS 1408  (may be taken concurrently). Equilibrium of particles and rigid bodies, friction, centroids, and moments of inertia.
  
  • CE 3103 - Mechanics of Solids Laboratory

    1 Semester Credit Hours
     Prerequisite:CE 3303 . Laboratory measurements and observation of behavior of solid materials.
  
  • CE 3105 - Mechanics of Fluids Laboratory

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3305 . Experimental studies of fluid behavior.
  
  • CE 3121 - Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Corequisite: CE 3321 . Laboratory determination and engineering evaluation of the physical properties of soils.
  
  • CE 3171 - Environmental Engineering Laboratory I

    1 Semester Credit Hours
     Corequisite: CE 3309 . Performance of standard analytical methods used to measure water and wastewater quality. Evaluation of limits to data produced by standard methods.
  
  • CE 3302 - Dynamics

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisites:MATH 2450  (may be taken concurrently) and either CE 2301  or ME 2301 . A study of motions of particles and rigid bodies.
  
  • CE 3303 - Mechanics of Solids

    3 Semester Credit Hours
     Prerequisites: CE 2301  or ME ME 2301 . Theory of stress and strain in elastic and inelastic bodies subject to various conditions of loading.
  
  • CE 3305 - Mechanics of Fluids

    3 Semester Credit Hours
     Prerequisites: CE 2301  or ME ME 2301 . Hydrostatics; dynamics of viscous and nonviscous fluids; resistance to flow; flow in pipes and open channels.
  
  • CE 3309 - Environmental Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CHEM 1308  and CE 3305 . Corequisite: CE 3171 . Water and wastewater characteristics and system design for water and wastewater treatment. Introduction of techniques of solid hazardous waste management and air pollution control.
  
  • CE 3321 - Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3303 . Physical properties of soils; theories of soil strength, consolidation, and settlement; soil stabilization; slope stability analysis; selected design topics.
  
  • CE 3341 - Principles of Structural Design

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3440 . Fundamental principles of structural design with consideration for the selection of materials and systems. Team approach to design; oral and written presentations. (Writing Intensive)
  
  • CE 3354 - Engineering Hydrology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3305 . Analysis and design methods related to the occurrence and distribution of surface and groundwater; precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and frequency analysis. (Writing Intensive)
  
  • CE 3372 - Water Systems Design

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3305  and CE 3354 . Hydraulic analysis and design of municipal water distribution, stormwater collection, and wastewater collection systems. Oral and written presentations. (Writing Intensive)
  
  • CE 3440 - Structural Analysis I

    4 Semester Credit Hours
     Prerequisite: CE 3303 . Introduction to the analysis of statically determinate and indeterminate structures.
  
  • CE 4000 - Special Studies in Civil Engineering

    V1-6 Semester Credit Hours
    Individual studies in civil engineering areas of special interest. May be repeated for credit.
  
  • CE 4101 - Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 4200  and instructor consent. Review for NCEES Fundamentals of Engineering Exam.
  
  • CE 4200 - Professional Engineering Practice Issues

    2 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Must be within two long semesters of graduation. Review engineering courses in preparation for NCEES FE exam. A study of engineering bodies of knowledge. May be repeated.
  
  • CE 4321 - Geotechnical Engineering Design

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3321 . Design and construction of foundation systems, geotechnical site investigation, bearing capacity and settlement analysis for shallow foundations, types of deep foundations, axial load capacity of driven piles, drilled shafts, and auger-cast piles, group behavior of piles. (Writing Intensive)
  
  • CE 4330 - Design of Engineering Systems

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Senior standing, and either CE 4342  or CE 4343  or corequisite CE 4353  or ENVE 4399  and instructor consent. Interdisciplinary team approach to the design of complex engineering systems; should be taken during last semester of undergraduate program. Oral and written presentations. (Writing Intensive)
  
  • CE 4331 - Special Problems in Civil Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Individual studies in civil engineering. May be repeated for credit.
  
  • CE 4333 - Special Problems in Water Resources

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3440  or instructor consent.  Individual studies in water resources. May be repeated for credit.
  
  • CE 4340 - Structural Analysis II

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3440  or instructor consent. Analysis of structures by matrix methods.
  
  • CE 4342 - Design of Steel Structures

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 2101  and CE 3341 . A course in design of structural steel systems by the LFRD method.
  
  • CE 4343 - Design of Concrete Structures

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 2101  and CE 3341 . A course in design of reinforced concrete systems by strength design methods.
  
  • CE 4351 - Pavement Materials and Design

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 2101 , CE 3303 , CE 3321 . Pavement system, material properties and selection, analysis of layered structures, pavement design, life-cycle cost, pavement performance evaluation, management of pavement systems. S.
  
  • CE 4353 - Design of Hydraulic Systems

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3305  and CE 3354 . Design of open channel and closed conduit conveyance systems for water; includes introduction to HEC-RAS.
  
  • CE 4361 - Transportation Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Corequisite: CE 3321 , IE 3341  or MATH 3342 , and senior standing or instructor consent. Transportation modes; railway and airport runway design; basic design and analysis concepts of highway systems; transportation planning; traffic engineering; intersection control; geometrics; pavement engineering.
  
  • CE 4363 - Groundwater Hydrology

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3354  or instructor consent. Groundwater flow; well hydraulics, development, and management of groundwater resources; water quality; mathematical modeling with available software. Introduction to design of wells and well fields.
  
  • CE 4371 - Geometric Design of Highways

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 4361  or instructor consent. Study of geometric design of highways and streets, sign and marking of roadways, and application of computer software in highway design.

Civil Engineering (Graduate Courses)

  
  • CE 5102 - Environmental Engineering Graduate Seminar

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Exposes students to current state-of-practice and state-of-art research in environmental engineering through student presentations, internal faculty and non-faculty speaker presentations, and outside speaker presentations. May be repeated once for credit.
  
  • CE 5185 - Microbial Applications in Environmental Engineering Lab

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Determine concentration of coliforms, nutrients, and organic pollutants in water. Analyze water quality data.
  
  • CE 5191 - Advanced Water Treatment Lab

    1 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Design and conduct flocculation, coagulant dose, sedimentation, and disinfection studies and assess impact on water quality.
  
  • CE 5310 - Numerical Methods in Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: MATH 5310  or instructor consent. Numerical techniques for the formulation and solution of discrete and continuous systems of equilibrium, eigenvalue and propagation problems.
  
  • CE 5311 - Advanced Mechanics of Solids

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Stress and strain at a point; theories of failure; unsymmetrical bending; curved flexural members; beams on continuous support; experimental and energy methods.
  
  • CE 5313 - Theory of Elastic Stability

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Theory of the conditions governing the stability of structural members and determination of critical loads for various types of members and structural systems.
  
  • CE 5314 - Theory of Plates and Shells

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Stress analysis of plates and shells of various shapes; small and large deflection theory of plates; membrane analysis of shells; general theory of shells.
  
  • CE 5318 - Finite Element Methods in Continuum Mechanics

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 5310  and CE 5311  or instructor consent. Theory of the finite element method-constant strain elements; plane stress or strain for axisymmetric problems; application to plates and shells, torsion, heat transfer and seepage problems.
  
  • CE 5321 - Advanced Soil Engineering I

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3321  (or equivalent) or instructor consent. Introduction to physio-chemical properties of soils; soil structure; soil classification; permeability; principle of effective stress; stress-deformation; stress paths and strength characteristics; partly saturated soils; advanced consolidation theory; secondary consolidation; field instrumentation.
  
  • CE 5322 - Geotechnical Site Characterization

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3321  (or equivalent) or instructor consent. Modern methods for subsurface site characterization, investigation design, soil strength, groundwater monitoring, data presentation, risk/uncertainty issues.
  
  • CE 5323 - Advanced Foundation Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Computer programming skills and instructor consent. Advanced foundation engineering theory and practice, bearing capacity, settlement analysis, piles and pile groups, drilled piers, wave equation analysis.
  
  • CE 5324 - Geotechnical Practice for Expansive Soils

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3321  (or equivalent). Expansive soil characterization, shrink/swell movement prediction methods, design applications, including foundations, pavements, and earth structures.
  
  • CE 5326 - Stability Analysis and Design of Slopes and Embankments

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3321  (or equivalent). Principles of stability analysis and design as applied to earth dams, embankments, fills, cuts, and natural slopes; short-term and long-term stability; slope remediation.
  
  • CE 5328 - Design and Analysis of Earth Retaining Structures

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 3321  (or equivalent). Types of earth retaining structures; wall selection; lateral earth pressure theories; design of conventional, MSE, soil nail, tied-back, and drilled shaft walls.
  
  • CE 5329 - Advanced Design of Bridge Structures

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Instructor consent. Advanced structural design of highway/railway/guideway bridges using the LRFD design method.
  
  • CE 5331 - Advanced Work in Specific Fields

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Nature of course depends on the student’s interest and needs. May be repeated for credit.
  
  • CE 5333 - Advanced Work in Water Resources

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Individual studies in advanced water resources. May be repeated for credit.
  
  • CE 5340 - Advanced Structural Analysis I

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: Proficiency in basic structural analysis techniques and computer programming. Fundamentals and applications of modern methods of structural analyses using computers.
  
  • CE 5342 - Advanced Design of Steel Structures

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 4342  or instructor consent. Advanced design of structures, utilizing LRFD design concepts.
  
  • CE 5343 - Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Prerequisite: CE 4343  or instructor consent. Understanding advanced concrete design concepts and discussion of new concrete material technology.
  
  • CE 5344 - Design of Steel Structures

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    A course in design of structural steel systems by the LRFD method.
  
  • CE 5346 - Structural Dynamics I

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Dynamic response of single and multidegree of freedom systems; modal analysis of lumped and continuous mass systems.
  
  • CE 5347 - Structural Dynamics II

    3 Semester Credit Hours
     Prerequisite: CE 5346  or instructor consent. Design consideration for structures subjected to time-varying forces including earthquake, wind, and blast loads.
  
  • CE 5348 - Wind Engineering

    3 Semester Credit Hours
     Prerequisite: Instructor consent Understanding the nature of wind related to wind-structure interaction, and wind loads on structures. Design loads for extreme winds, tornadoes, and hurricanes.
  
  • CE 5351 - Advanced Pavement Materials

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Materials science, microstructure, engineering properties, life-cycle, constitutive models, tests, constructability and performance of soils, aggregates, granular materials, stabilized materials, bituminous binders and asphalt concrete, mix design, sustainability.
  
  • CE 5352 - Advanced Flexible Pavement Design

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Analysis and design of flexible pavement systems, pavement life-cycle, distresses, non-destructive evaluation, failure criteria, management systems, mechanistic-empirical pavement design, sustainable pavements, design project.
  
  • CE 5355 - Advanced Rigid Pavement Design

    3 Semester Credit Hours
    Pavement types, highways, airports, design factors, materials, traffic, analysis of pavement system, drainage, design methods, performance, evaluation, repair, overlay design, mechanistic-empirical design, design project.
 

Page: 1 <- 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13Forward 10 -> 54